Printing Terminology: What is Paper Grain?
![A stack of white paper lying on a wooden surface](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/900x633/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_593475151.png)
Paper Grain Direction Explained
The vast majority of paper stocks are created from wood that
has been harvested from coniferous trees. Paper mills extract the fibers from
the wood using mechanical and chemical processes to create a watery pulp
mixture.
![Wood pulp and water flow along mesh conveyor belt](https://transform.octanecdn.com/cdn/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_724680108.png)
The pulp is then placed on a mesh conveyor that starts to remove
moisture from the pulp as it travels toward additional drying and rolling
operations.
As the soggy pulp flows across the mesh, the majority of the
wood fibers will orient themselves to match the direction of travel. This
alignment of wood fibers is what gives paper a directional grain.
Grain of Paper: Why do we care about its Direction?
You probably never gave the grain of paper much thought but
it is important for your printer to be mindful of a paper stock's grain. This is
because the grain direction can affect the function and appearance of certain print
projects.
For example, any project that gets folded will have a smoother
fold line if the crease is made along the grain instead of against the grain. So
your printer will always try to orient a print project so that any folds or
score lines are parallel to the grain.
The same logic holds true for bookbinding. The cover and
pages of books should be bound so that the spine travels in the same direction as the
grain. This increases the functionality of the book by allowing the cover and pages to turn smoothly and with less resistance.
Paper Grain: Short vs Long
Paper is manufactured in large rolls. Some of the rolls are then
cut up into various sizes of flat sheets. These flat sheets are sold to commercial
printers for use in their sheet-fed presses. Smaller paper sizes are also cut
and packaged for consumer use.
Because the paper mill cuts some sheets parallel to the grain
of the roll and cuts other sheets across the grain of the roll, the mill must
notate the grain direction on the paper's packaging.
The paper will be marked as "grain long" or "long grain" if
the wood fibers are aligned parallel to the longer dimension of the sheet. Similarly,
the paper will be marked as "grain short" or "short grain" if the wood fibers
are aligned parallel to the shorter dimension of the sheet.
For example, if 11" x 17" sheets are cut from the roll so
that the grain runs parallel to the 17" dimension, the paper will be marked as "grain
long" or "long grain". This is because the 17" dimension is the longer of the
paper's two dimensions.
Likewise, if 11" x 17" sheets are cut from the roll so that
the grain runs parallel to the 11" dimension, the paper will be marked as
"grain short" or "short grain". This is because the 11" dimension is the shorter
of the paper's two dimensions.
![A label on cut size paper showing the long grain designation](https://transform.octanecdn.com/cdn/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_589003030.png)
Sometimes, on the packaging or label that shows the size of the paper, the paper mill will underline one of the two dimensions (refer to image of paper label). One of the sizes might be underlined in addition to, or instead of, using the "grain long" or "grain short" designations. As you have likely figured out, the underlined dimension is the one parallel to the grain.
Color Vision Printing can assist with just about any printing
need you may have. In addition to having excellent prices for book printing,
full color printing, and laminated printing, we also offer mail fulfillment services.
Give us a call at 800-543-6299 to discuss your next print project. Or, if you'd like to submit your project's specifications for a quote,
you can access our Quote Request form by clicking here. We hope to hear from
you and look forward to assisting with your printing needs!
Related Articles
![A male hand separating a large stack of paper sheets](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_648604842.png)
Printing Terminology: What is a Substrate?
Read This Article
![The gutter area of a book](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_768925941.png)
What is the Gutter of a Book?
Read This Article
![A man, a woman, and a child looking at a printed brochure](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_413330749.png)
The Difference between a Brochure and a Pamphlet
Read This Article
![Sheet-Fed Printing Press vs Roll-Fed Printing Press](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_637188568.png)
Printing Terminology: Sheet Fed Press vs Web Press
Read This Article
![A stack of printed brochures exiting the folding machine](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_139312952.png)
What is Print Collateral?
Read This Article
![Registration Mark used in CMYK Printing](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_476337562.png)
Printing Registration: A Key Factor in High-Quality Printing
Read This Article
![A male graphic designer using computer software to lay out artwork](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_928833269.png)
Printing Terminology: What is “Artwork” in Printing?
Read This Article
![Man adding yellow ink to an offset printing press](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_432652245.png)
Offset Printing: What is Make Ready?
Read This Article
![Computer icon of an Abode PDF file](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_368872050.png)
What are PDF files? Why do Printing Companies prefer them?
Read This Article
![Indicia imprint on a white direct mail piece, shown against a blue background](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_627359765.png)
Direct Mail Marketing: What are Postal Indicia?
Read This Article
![Silhouette of a graphic artist creating an artwork file](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_116158007.png)
What is a Print Ready File?
Read This Article
![A booklet with a gloss cover and pages](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_136055565.png)
Aqueous Coating vs UV Coating: Understanding the Differences
Read This Article
![A colorful flower bouquet seen behind examples of high and low opacity paper stocks](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_128866247.png)
What is the meaning of “Opacity” in regard to Paper?
Read This Article
![Three repair order forms with sequential ID numbers printed in red](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_340244157.png)
Printing Terminology: What is Sequential Numbering?
Read This Article
![A book's pages bound with a white Wire-O spine](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_905816922.png)
Custom Book Printing: What is Wire-O Binding?
Read This Article
![Two race horses running side by side on the track](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_520768121.png)
Printing Terminology: What is Grayscale?
Read This Article
![A thickness gauge measuring the combined caliper of two sheets of paper](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_820703628.png)
Paper Specifications: What does Caliper mean?
Read This Article
![Name tag that says Hello my name is Rich Black](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_653035354.png)
Printing Terminology: What is Rich Black?
Read This Article
![An ISBN number and barcode printed on a blue and red background](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_988097505.png)
Self-Published Books: What is an ISBN number? Do I need one?
Read This Article
![Stacks of large paper sheets lying on a blue surface](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_916885862.png)
Paper Weights explained: The meaning of Paper Basis Weight
Read This Article
![A circular emblem embossed into textured paper](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_747370773.png)
Printing Terminology: What is Blind Embossing?
Read This Article
![A variety of Saddle Stitched books arranged on a table](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_599729622.png)
What is Saddle Stitch Binding?
Read This Article
![A person reading a Perfect Bound book about food](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_829714912.png)
Custom Book Printing: What is Perfect Binding?
Read This Article
![Organic food store logo printed as a reverse in green ink on white substrate](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_925554476.png)
What is Reverse Printing?
Read This Article
![A piece of notebook paper stating K is for Key in CMYK Printing](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_647824352.png)
Why is the color Black designated by the letter "K" in CMYK?
Read This Article
![A person wearing yellow rubber boots standing in water](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_832907646.png)
Printing and Finishing: What is a Flood Coat?
Read This Article
![An open magazine with a Crossover Image of a fisherman spanning both pages](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_588745725.png)
Book Printing: What are Crossover Images?
Read This Article
![Graphic Designer working with native artwork fIles](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_179896128.png)
Graphic Design and Printing: What is a Native File?
Read This Article
![A variety of softcover books aligned in a stack](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_854412213.png)
What is the Spine of a Book?
Read This Article
![A man holding a Self Cover booklet](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_239921700.png)
What is a Self Cover Booklet?
Read This Article
![An example of Gloss Spot UV on a matte substrate](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_332163792.png)
Printing Terminology: What is Spot UV?
Read This Article
![A cutting die used for paper substrates](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_193239713.png)
Printing Terminology: What is Die Cutting?
Read This Article
![A stack of Saddle-Stitched books with Gloss UV Coating on the covers](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_159135159.png)
What is UV Coating?
Read This Article
![A full-color image shown with its four color-separated files of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_361620900.png)
Printing Terminology: What is Color Separation?
Read This Article
![Two hands holding a Pantone Color Guide](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_863861719.png)
What is a Pantone Color?
Read This Article
![A variety of print projects on pallets in front of an offset printing press](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_746721441.png)
What is Commercial Printing?
Read This Article
![A stack of open magazines with Aqueous Coating applied to the pages](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_677507193.png)
What is Aqueous Coating?
Read This Article
![A diagram illustrating the concept of Saddle Stitch Page Creep](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_575256683.png)
Saddle Stitch Binding: What is Creep?
Read This Article
![An example of 2-Up Printing showing two hot air balloon images](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_423138822.png)
What is 2-Up Printing, 4-Up Printing, N-Up Printing, etc.?
Read This Article
![A digital printing press used for commercial production](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_199600359.png)
What is Digital Printing?
Read This Article
![A Pantone color guide book fanned open](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_225000454.png)
What is a “Spot” Color?
Read This Article
![Four ink towers of an Offset Printing Press](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_873618680.png)
What is Offset Printing?
Read This Article
![A hard copy proof of a magazine cover](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_489495992.png)
Printing Proofs: Soft Proofs vs Hard Proofs
Read This Article
![The abbreviation DPI surrounded by CMYK ink dots](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_140449698.jpg)
Printing Terminology: What is DPI?
Read This Article
![An embossed logo that reads eco friendly](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_413061774.png)
Printing Terminology: Embossing vs Debossing
Read This Article
![A diagram showing 2-sided sheets printed with various ink colors](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_317665379.png)
What is 4/4 Printing, 4/1 Printing, and 4/0 Printing?
Read This Article
![The letters CMYK displayed in boxes of corresponding colors](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_253032275.png)
Printing Terminology: What is CMYK?
Read This Article
![An open book depicting the concept of verso and recto](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_759260051.png)
Printing Terminology: Recto and Verso
Read This Article
![A stack of white paper lying on a wooden surface](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_186032634.png)
Printing Terminology: What is Paper Grain?
Read This Article
![A commercial printing plant worker collating the sections of a book](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_677239129.png)
What does Collate mean in Printing?
Read This Article
![Hands holding a printed map](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_781240408.png)
What is Synthetic Paper?
Read This Article
![A hand holding a stack of printed sheets](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_708172761.png)
Printing Terminology: Simplex vs Duplex Printing
Read This Article
![Two beachfront scenes oriented in the same direction](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_833364553.png)
What is Head to Head Printing?
Read This Article
![Graphic Designer reviewing an Artwork File to be Printed](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_219147517.jpeg)
Printing Terminology: What does Preflighting mean?
Read This Article
![plastic comb book open](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_918121585.jpeg)
Plastic Comb Books: What does the "Comb" refer to?
Read This Article
![paper for a large sheet-fed press](https://transform.octanecdn.com/crop/300x300/https://octanecdn.com/colorvisionprintingcom/colorvisionprintingcom_620568606.jpeg)
What is C1S Paper and C2S Paper?
Read This Article